OCHA is the acronym for the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. OCHA coordinates the work of UN agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and other national and international actors in humanitarian emergencies. It is the principal international player on humanitarian assistance issues. The Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs is led by the Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs.
The humanitarian crisis in Mozambique's northern province of Cabo Delgado continues to force people to flee their homes. Hundreds of thousands of people remain displaced due to violence perpetrated by non-state armed groups (NSAGs), and hundreds of thousands of returnees in conflict-affected areas continue to be highly vulnerable. An estimated 5.2 million children, women, and men across Mozambique are in need of humanitarian aid in 2025, including some 1.3 million in Cabo Delgado and neighboring Niassa and Nampula provinces. Mozambique is also highly susceptible to climate shocks and frequent natural hazards such as drought, floods and tropical storms.
Nearly ten years of armed conflict in Yemen have caused tens of thousands of civilian casualties and forced millions to flee their homes, making Yemen one of the world’s largest humanitarian crises. More than half of the country's population - 19.5 million people - are in need of humanitarian assistance and protection in 2025, with Yemen's most vulnerable and marginalized groups, including women and girls, at greatest risk. More than 11,500 children have been killed or maimed since the beginning of the conflict, and thousands more have been recruited as child soldiers.
The overall humanitarian situation in Ethiopia has improved significantly over the past two years, but 21.4 million people were still in need of emergency assistance in 2024. Millions of Ethiopians remain displaced by conflict, insecurity, and climate-related shocks such as droughts or floods, as well as other natural disasters such as earthquakes. Ethiopia faces multiple drivers of instability. Years of drought and conflict have left millions of Ethiopians without enough to eat. Many have no water, medicine, food or shelter and fear for their lives.
The overall humanitarian situation in Burundi remains tense and serious human rights violations continue. Burundians are facing a humanitarian crisis characterized by food insecurity, extreme weather events and economic decline. The people of Burundi experience a triple burden: high climate risk, widespread poverty and insecurity. Even though the worst of the violence has subsided in 2025, the security situation remains precarious, with an unstable political situation and ongoing displacement outside the country.
The Sahel region is facing one of the fastest-growing humanitarian crises in the world, with more than 33 million people in need of humanitarian aid in 2025. And at the same time, it is one of the most forgotten.  Armed conflict, deteriorating security, political instability, and widespread poverty are the main drivers of unprecedented humanitarian needs, particularly in the central Sahel region, which includes the countries of Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger. This deteriorating humanitarian emergency is further compounded by the impact of the climate crisis and global food insecurity. Rapid climate change is causing natural disasters such as heavy flooding to occur with increasing frequency and severity.
The Central African Republic (CAR) has been among the most neglected humanitarian crises for several years in a row. The country has been wracked by violent conflict since 2012. Nearly half of its population – 45 percent – requires humanitarian aid in 2025. While insecurity and violence against civilians continue to force Central Africans to flee their homes, humanitarian and development actors are helping many internally displaced persons and refugees to resume a normal life after several years of displacement.
Within weeks, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 created one of the largest humanitarian disasters globally. As of February 2025, more than 42,000 civilians were recorded killed or wounded as a result of the war. Violations of international humanitarian law and international human rights law occurring in the course of the ongoing armed attack are widespread. Millions of civilians fear for their lives. People in Ukraine continue to be killed, wounded and deeply traumatized by the violence. Civilian infrastructure on which they depend continues to be destroyed or damaged.
The overall humanitarian situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territories is marked by a protracted political crisis, characterized by 58 years of Israeli military occupation. In October 2023, the humanitarian situation in the Gaza Strip deteriorated drastically following the start of a war by the Israeli military due to atrocities committed by Palestinian armed groups. For more than two years, an unprecedented humanitarian catastrophe is raging in Gaza, where civilians are dying from violence, lack of medical treatment, famine, disease, starvation, dehydration, and hypothermia. On October 10, 2025, a ceasefire between Israel and the armed group Hamas went into effect.
The North of Central America (NCA) – also called the Northern Triangle of Central America (NTCA) – is a sub-region comprising El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras and one of the most dangerous places on earth. Nicaragua is bordering the Northern Triangle. Gang violence, threats, extortion, persecution and sexual violence have forced hundreds of thousands of people to flee their homes in search of safety. In 2025, more than 4.6 million people in El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras are in need of humanitarian aid as the three countries continue to face violence, food insecurity, extreme weather events and mixed movements of refugees and migrants.
The DONARE FAQs section provides curated answers to some of the most common questions related to humanitarian action. It is intended as a reference tool, offering concise explanations of key concepts, principles, and practices that regularly feature in the coverage of DONARE. Questions and answers are designed primarily for educational purposes and do not replace official legal or policy guidance.
Somalis are facing one of the world's most complex humanitarian crises. This crisis is fueled by conflict, displacement, food insecurity, political instability, climate shocks, poverty, and economic decline. Although Somalia's humanitarian needs remain high, reduced donor funding in 2025 forced humanitarian agencies to scale back or shut down critical programs, drastically reducing life-saving operations. Severe drought conditions in Somalia are endangering millions of lives amid dwindling funds.
More than four years after the fall of Kabul, Afghanistan remains in the grip of one of the world's worst humanitarian crises. Millions of people in Afghanistan are experiencing misery and hunger in the midst of decades of conflict. The cumulative effects of violent conflict, internal displacement, drought and other natural disasters like earthquakes have dramatically increased humanitarian needs throughout Afghanistan. The surge in the number of Afghans forced or compelled to return to Afghanistan this year has worsened the crisis.
The scale of the humanitarian catastrophe unfolding in Sudan is unprecedented. On April 15, 2023, conflict broke out between the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces and the Sudanese Armed Forces, causing widespread displacement, hunger, and the world's largest humanitarian crisis. After 27 months of conflict, more than 12 million people are displaced as a result of the ongoing war. The number of people in need of humanitarian assistance stands at 30.4 million people - two-thirds of Sudan's population.
Political turmoil and socioeconomic decline in Venezuela have led to the worst humanitarian crisis in South America and one of the largest migration crises in the world. Venezuela is experiencing a political and economic crisis marked by hyperinflation, limited food availability, medicine shortages, violent crime, and human right violations. Since 2014, more than 6.7 million Venezuelans have fled to Latin American and Caribbean countries, out of nearly 8 million Venezuelans who have left their country. In 2025, at least 7.9 million people are in need of humanitarian assistance in the South American country.
The world is facing an existential threat - the climate crisis. The effects of climate change are already evident and have far-reaching consequences for our environment, ecosystems, societies, and people. But the climate crisis goes beyond mere environmental protection. It is closely linked to the increase and intensification of humanitarian crises affecting many millions of people worldwide and posing immense challenges to the world.
Eight years after the peace accord between the Colombian government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) was signed, the humanitarian situation in Colombia is still marked by large scale internal displacement and insecurity due to armed violence. The country has endured more than half a century of intense armed conflict, perpetuated by widespread illegal drug production and trafficking and rooted in territorial control by armed groups. The increased impact of natural hazards related to climate change and the integration of 2.9 million Venezuelan refugees are also driving humanitarian needs in Colombia.
South Sudan is in the midst of a dire humanitarian crisis driven by years of brutal civil war. Nearly 400,000 South Sudanese died as a result of the conflict that began in December 2013. Atrocities and attacks on civilians, including widespread sexual violence, defined the civil war. In 2025, the world’s youngest nation is on the verge of plunging back into civil war due to prevailing political tensions and a worsening security climate.
Humanitarian aid (or humanitarian assistance) can be described as an intervention to help people affected by war, armed conflict, persecution, natural disasters and epidemics to meet their basic needs and rights. Humanitarian aid refers to assistance provided to people in crisis situations to alleviate their suffering and ensure their survival, intended to meet the basic needs of individuals and communities.
Myanmar faces multiple, overlapping humanitarian needs caused by persecution, protracted armed conflict, intercommunal violence and natural disasters like earthquakes and cyclones. Humanitarian needs in Myanmar have continued to mount due to ongoing armed violence and political unrest since the military coup in February 2021. The humanitarian situation remains dire, with more than 38 percent of the country's 57 million people estimated to be in need of humanitarian assistance in 2025. In March 2025, a devastating 7.7 magnitude earthquake struck Myanmar - the largest to hit the country in over a century.
